Jacob j



no Model.)

J. J. NICHOLS.

- Chandelier. No. 239,054. Patented M'rch 22,188l.

N-PEI'ERS, PHOTD-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTUN, D (7 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB J. NICHOLS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

CH-ANDELIER.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,054, dated March 22, 1881,

Application filed January 25, 1881. (No model.) i

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB J. NICHOLS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements relating to Chandeliers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

Aesthetic efiect is sought after in all constructions of this sort. The gas-burners and the pipes leading thereto, merely for illumination, would not serve acceptably where these structures are employed. I

I have devised means for increasing in a marked degree the rich efl'ect of a chandelier by forming it with a hollow center-piece which is wholly or partly transparent, and illuminat ing it with gas-jets distributed in the interior. The main light-giving function of the chandeher is effectedby lights on the branches, which may be of the ordinary and long-approved character. The lights in the illuminated centerpiece may contribute a little to the luminous effect of the whole; but their main function is decorative. They give a peculiarly rich effect to the structure. I

The invention may be applied to hanging chandeliers in public or private places, or to chandeliers or lights with branches mounted on fixed plates, as on newel-posts in the halls of residences, standards or portables for tables, or brackets for wall-lights, 860.

One important use of my invention is to illuminate at night artistically-painted decorations on the bodies of chandeliers, standards, lamps, 85c. Hitherto the ornaments used for this purpose have been made on pottery, which is not transparent, and cannot therefore be illuminated from within. By my device, using glass or any transparent material, the decorations produced thereon can be shown to much advantage, greatly increasing the beauty.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, and represent a simple manner of carrying out the invention as applied to a hanging chandelier with four burners.

Figure 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 is a central section of part of Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in both the figures.

A is a pendent gas-pipe; A, a hollow casting, which enlarges the base; A gracefullycurved pipes extending from A down to the branches proper of the chandelier, which branches are marked B, and which, it will be which extends up so as to nearly join the casting A, and constitutes in appearance a continuous center-post or central body of" the chandelier. Within this extends upward a small gas-pipe, E, provided with branches E, having a small burner on the extremity ofeach. These burners are distributed so that on lighting them they illuminate the entire interior of the glass bodyD with approximate uniformity. The gas to the pipe E is controlled by a cock, 6.

To light the smalljets within the illuminated center D, I can reach up through one of the openings in the bottom support, 0, and light the lowermost jet. This, in turn, will light the set'eral others; or I can reach up with a long enough torch and light each separately, as may be preferred.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions. I propose to make the illuminated center-post, D, with plane sides, of ground or decorated glass, with the corner bars either plain or ornamentally shaped. The structure may be made to taper from the bottom upward,

or both ways, or may be divided horizontally at one or more places. The luminous post or center may extend below the junction of the branches B and above the junction of the pipes A The first 'end may be attained by extending downwardasmallpipewith branches similar to the pipe E, with its branches E E, and inclosing it in ground glass or analogous translucent material of any desired shape, plain or decorated. The extension upward above A may be effected by a small pipe running alongside the main pipe and provided with small branches and burners inclosed with translucent material.

The central pipe, E, which supplies the small branches E, may extend down from the casting A, instead of extending up from the casting B or it may be continuous from one to the other. I can enlarge this and make it the main passage for the gas to the several branches B, and in such case may dispense with the outsidepipes, A providing suitable means for shutting off the gas at a higher point.

The canopy G and other decorative features of the chandelier may be varied indefinitely.

When the pipeE is arranged to serve the central burners, E, only,they may be controlled by the stop-cock 6, so that theehandelier may at will be used either with the ordinary deadcenter or with my illuminated center, as may be preferred in any case.

The invention may be used with chandeliers burning kerosene or other oil instead of gas. In such case I esteem it most convenient to employ a removable lamp or set of lamps, of sufficientsize andproperly distributed,inserted from below and confined by suitable fastenin gs.

It will-be understood that the transparent or translucent surface D may be decorated in colors or otherwise, so as to vary the effect indefinitely.

I claim as my invent1on--- 1. A chandelier having a hollow center-post, 2 5

D, which is wholly or partly transparent, in combination with a series of burners, E, arranged within it, and adapted to serve as herein specified.

2. In a chandelier having a transparent ceno ter-post, D, with burners E arranged within for illuminating it, the stop-cock 0, arranged to serve as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city this 24th day of 3 5 January, 1881, in the presence of two subscrib- 

